ATP synthase uses the flow of protons back into the stroma to synthesize ATP.
**The Hidden Engine of Cellular Power
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- A) Splits water molecules to release oxygen
- C) Generates ATP by utilizing the proton gradient
- D) Transports electrons through the electron transport chain
- The electron transport chain produces up to 34 ATP, significantly more than the other stages.
- B) Convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH)
- These reactions capture light energy to produce ATP and NADPH, which fuel the Calvin cycle.
